Mixed martial arts is a legal, regulated sport in at least 19 states: Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Iowa, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Mississippi, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Texas, Utah and Washington. Some states are harnessing the sport’s popularity to generate tax revenue, while virtually the same number have taken a "not in my backyard" stance. “Before then, there were very few rules that protected the participants from serious injury,” he said. Mixed martial arts has existed since the early 1990s but only since 1996 has it followed a set of unified rules, according to Tim Lueckenhoff, national president of the Association of Boxing Commissions (ABC) and an administrator with the Missouri Boxing Commission. Fighters battle for three, five-minute rounds with championship bouts lasting for five, five-minute rounds. Mixed martial arts features bouts between two trained athletes who use a combination of martial arts holds, chops and kicks, grappling, wrestling and boxing to garner a victory through knockout or submission.
The rising popularity of mixed martial arts - also known by more brutish aliases such as “extreme fighting” - has states scrambling to regulate a sport termed a human chess match by supporters and sheer violence by critics.
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